Kilinochchi District
Affected Divisional Secretary Divisions
(1) Karachchi,
(2) Kandawalai,
(3) Poonakari,
(4) Pachchilaipalli
Affected People
Damages to Different Sectors
|
Sector |
Nature of the Damage |
Estimated Cost (Rs. mn) |
|
Housing |
2,427 houses damaged |
456.75 |
|
Fisheries |
852 boats, 596 Out Board Motor boats and a large number
of nets damaged |
316.8 |
|
Education |
01 school damaged |
65.0 |
|
Health |
|
7.0 |
|
Road |
861 Km damaged |
759.4 |
|
Electricity |
02 villages affected |
325.4 |
|
Water Supply |
01 scheme damaged |
410.2 |
|
Tourism |
|
150 |
|
Agriculture |
|
163.5 |
|
Administration (Public Institutions) |
04 institutions damaged. |
40.0 |
|
Community and
Township Development |
|
612.3 |
|
Total |
3306.35 |
|
Actions Taken
Confronted Problems and Issues
Challenges Ahead
Way Forward
EXPERIENCE AND THE CHALLENGES AHEAD
KILINOCHCHI DISTRICT
The Tsunami of 26 Dec. 2004 brought severe damaged
destruction in Kilinochchi, one of the worst affected 03 district in the
Northern Province. Through the number of
deaths is comparatively less in this district, the damage caused to the houses
and infrastructure has been substantial.
This has placed additional burden and strain on the impoverished
population of the district which had been suffering from the destruction and
damage caused by the protracted ethnic
conflict for more than two decades. In
addition to the affected people of this district there was an influx of
affected people from adjoining districts of Jaffna and Mullaitivu
district. 26,310 people from other
districts were staying in Welfare Centres and friends and relatives. At present most of them were relocated in
Maruthankerni area. Action is being
taken to relocate 250 families in Kallaru.
175 families were relocated in temporary transit camp in Kallaru and others
will be relocated after temporary transit camp construction is over. Initially, we were maintained 22 Welfare
centres and all those Welfare Centres have been closed.
The Kilinochchi district Administration along with the
LTTE and TRO formed an Emergency Task Force and attend to the needs of the
Tsunami victims such as evacuation, arranging welfare centres, cooked meals, in
a large scale deploying all resources in the district to their maximum.
This crash programme organized by the special task
force has evacuated the victims with least possible delay, win the confidence
of the people, the Government and International community at large.
The twenty years experience with the sufferings,
frequent displacements and loss of life that accompanied by arms conflict is
very much less to that of the suffering caused by Tsunami Tidal waves on the
spur of the moment. We can never fully
restore what the Tsunami has taken but we can extend our helping hand to the
survivors, do whatever is possible at least to reduce their suffering and
rebuild the nation for the future, which involves relief for immediate needs
and plans for reconstruction. We can
reconstruct and rehabilitate all that sea has taken, except life. Most of the people affected by Tsunami are
the poorest of the poor.
District
profile – Kilinochchi
Location and area
Kilinochchi
district is situated in the Northern part of the Island. It covers a land area of approximately 1237
sq.k.m. The average density of
population is 124 per sq.km.
Boundaries
Northern - Jaffna district
Eastern and Southern - Mullaitivu district
Western and southern - Mannar district.
Administrative setup
The
district is divided in to 4 Administrative divisions, consisting of 95 G.S.
divisions and comprising 324 villages
No. of G.S.
Divisions No. of Villages
Karaichchi 42 90
Kandawalai 16 98
Poonakari 19 93
Pachchilaipalli 18 43
Total 95 324
Population
The
total estimated population inclusive of those displaced and accommodated in
this district amount to 141.834.
The
table below presents the details.
D.S.
Division No. of No. of
Families Members
Karachchi 18,746 73,159
Kandawalai 8,253 33,231
PoonKari 5,998 25,352
Pachchilaipalli 2,663 10,092
35,660 141,834
Economic activities
Agriculture is the major
occupation of more than 80% of the population.
Fisheries are the second largest occupation. There are 30 fishing villages dotted along a
coast line of 91 k.m. covering the ocean in the Western coast and the sea in
the Eastern Coast and the lagoon in the middle part separating the mainland
from the peninsula region.
The extent of damage
The district has a coastal area of 91 k.m. in length
consisting of three belts. However
traditionally our district fishermen are fishing in Chundikulam area of costal
belt adjoining Jaffna and Mullaitivu
coast.
Ocean in the Western side - 30
k.m.
Sea in the Eastern side - 08 k.m.
Area bordering the Jaffna
lagoon - 53 k.m.
91 k.m
Since the Tsunami tidal waves destruction was severe
in the Eastern coast compared to that of the Western Coastal belt and lagoon
area deaths and destruction have been comparatively less in the district as the
district has only an 8 k.m. long coast line along the eastern side. However prior to Tsunami disaster there were
about 3580 families who had lost their houses and property due to the ethnic
conflict which had caused severe hardships to the population of the coastal
area.
The housing problems in the coastal areas of the
district at present could be discerned from the date presented below:
|
|
Karachchi |
Kandawalai |
Poonakari |
Pachchilaipalli |
Total |
|
1. Houses damaged due to ethnic conflict (in
the coastal belt) |
Nil |
673 |
2101 |
806 |
3580 |
|
2. Houses
damaged due to Tsunami |
*42 |
15 |
49 |
182 |
288 |
|
|
|
688 |
2150 |
988 |
3868 |
* Resided in
Poonagary division for fishing purposes.
It could be seen that efforts made by the fishing
population of the district to restart their lives after the cessation of
hostilities in 2002 were nullified by Tsunami disaster and the people have been
rendered homeless and displaced once again.
The
Tsunami has also aggravated the housing problem due to two factors.
1. Influx of displaced fishing
families into Kilinochchi after Tsunami.
2. The need for relocation of
people who had their dwellings within the 300 meters buffer zone.
The table below presents the
details of relocation.
|
|
Karaichchi |
Kandawalai |
Poonakari |
Pachchilaipalli |
Total |
|
Displaced families who have come into the district
and want to be relocated in the district |
62 |
212 |
49 |
34 |
357 |
|
To be relocated due to 300 meter buffer zone |
*42 |
338 |
942 |
148 |
1470 |
|
Total
No. of families to be relocated |
104 |
550 |
991 |
182 |
1827 |
Lands have been identified in 16 different villages
spread throughout the district for relocation of 1827 families. The details are
as follows:
|
Pradeshiya Sabha Division |
D.S. Division |
No. of Villages Identified |
No. to be Relocated |
|
Karachchi |
1. Karachchi 2. Kandawalai |
01 03 |
104 550 |
|
Sub Total |
|
04 |
654 |
|
Poonakary |
1. Poonkary |
09 |
997 |
|
Pachchilaipalli |
1. Pachchilaipalli |
03 |
176 |
|
Grand Total |
|
16 |
1827 |
The cry and mental depression encountered post Tsunami
voice reveals the following at the welfare centres and in the homes of friends
and relatives. They are not fully
recovered from their psychological fear.
Children
·
Fear of the Sea
·
Fear of water
·
Fear of their future education as they have lost all their books etc.
·
Fear of sound
Parents, Men and Women
·
No sleep – They said that they still hear the harrowing wail of the
Tsunami when the lie to sleep.
·
Claiming body pain and sick – Claiming to sick and looking sick but there
is nothing physically wrong with them.
They are in a state of mental depression.
Scenes
The victims recall the scenes
they have experienced and they narrate all what they have seen during Tsunami
to all visitors to ease their worries.
·
Pathetic scene of swallowing the victims and rescuers by the sea.
·
The fate of victims who went to their residence to retrieve their
belongings and get caught to tidal wave and died.
·
Untimely death of the beloved ones.
·
Loss of breadwinners.
Present status
The attitude of the Tsunami victims differs for and against relocations beyond buffer zone.
For
·
Many are embittered and shocked by how the sea they worshiped as god
turned on them. They have fled their
homes, vowing never to return. They do
not want to see the sea again never in their life.
·
They said that they still hear the harrowing wail of the Tsunami when
they lie to sleep. They have had enough
of the sea and they want to move away from the beach.
Against
·
Some say that there is some fear in their minds but that is what they
have done for generations. They want
their boats to be repaired and replaced by the Government for them to re
commence their livelihood.
·
Some say Tsunami recur only in every 500 years so they do not want to
leave their ancestors, land and move out their traditional home.
Emergency relief
This was success and effective with the support of the
Local people, Local Organizations, International Community and INGOO.
Maintaining welfare centres and
temporary transit camps
These activities were very challenging especially in
water sanitation and waste management even though we received some assistance
form all communities, still lacking without proper equipment lack of management
skill and lack of awareness among communities.
Tents and temporary shelter not acceptable to the community. Uncertain future due to the abnormal rain
drainage around the transit camp is the challenge and it has to be
upgraded. Which could be overcame by
raising the floor level or by providing drainage system.
·
Allocation of land outside the buffer zone edge is challenging.
·
Opinion differs on policies
·
Some are accepting and some are not accepting.
·
The activities of debris clearing and access road make passable lacking
behind for want of sufficient funds and heavy machineries. A lot of debris available in Lagoon. This is disturbing the fishing activities and
birds sanctuary. Damaged roads are not
yet made passable. A lot of sand is
available in roads.
Permanent resettlement
Uncertainty prevails among the Tsunami victims
regarding their life and their traditional occupation.
Conflict situation between war
victims and tsunami victims
Due to the 20 years ethnic conflict more than 27,000
families are displaced and lost their houses and income base completely and
suffering for survival. However we are
providing comparatively more assistance to Tsunami victims to that of war
victims in the same village. Tsunami
victims’ coverage is 100% but war victims have fewer opportunities. These create dissatisfaction between the
communities.
Infrastructure development in
costal area
There
is no immediate possibility to undertake these activities. The emergency assistance required.
Income generating activities
The
affected fishermen requesting for assistance for fishing equipment and
net. There is no proper plan for
replacement of lost equipment.
Challenges ahead
Democratic
participation in Planning and Implementation of Reconstruction activities such
as
·
Justification in economic planning.
·
Peace building in planning and implementing.
·
Counseling the victims and confidence building
·
Reconstruction of Infrastructure damaged and destroyed in the coastal
belt due to Tsunami and arms conflict has to be taken up simultaneously to
maintain equity and justice.
·
Submission of extracts required by
TAFREN Guideline is not possible immediately due to defunct of civil
administration for the last 20 years.
·
Consensus of buffer zone to be reached with interested parties.
·
Relocation of houses falling within the buffer zone to out side the
buffer zone. Most of the victims prefer
to be relocated in their own land beyond the buffer zone in place of state land
allocated by the state.
·
Preparation of damage survey in respect of victims from the adjoining
districts as they are practically living in the welfare centres in our district
and prefer relocation in Kilinochchi District.
·
Alternative to the use of Timber and rubble to be identified.
·
Shortage of skilled masons and carpenters.
Future development objectives
·
To organize a community based representation body, with capacity to take
decisions regarding their housing and infrastructure requirements. Ensure women participation and empowerment of
people.
·
To enable the community to rebuild essential physical facilities
including shelter. To help create wage
employment from the investment on shelter and infrastructure.
·
To promote peoples participation in the construction and imparting
self-reliance.
The
vision for post Tsunami reconstruction and reconciliation committed to
·
Democratic Participation in Planning and
Implementation of Reconstruction activities such as
-
Participation of the people to the maximum
-
Decision making to be from bottom to up-ward direction.
-
Transparency and accountability in all activities.
-
Doers shall be the local community based organization with the active
participation of beneficiaries.
The economic ravages of war
such as damages to jetty, roads, fishing equipments and crafts and other
related accessories to be regained to embark on economic planning.
·
Peace building in planning and implementing
Many of the areas affected by
Tsunami were those that had suffered utmost violence over last two decades by
the fighting in the North and East although normalcy had been restored to a
certain extent in the cleared are of North East the civil society in the
un-cleared area had been crushed by hyper militarization and a culture of fear
remained. Initiative has to be taken to
ensure free movement of citizen and restored civic trust.
·
Counseling the victims and confidence
building
-
The victims of arms conflict and Tsunami to be treated alike and
simultaneous assistance are provided to both parties impartially.
-
Counseling the victims to get rid of their psychological fear as they are
in depressed state/Psychological counseling has to be given by specialist who
can speak the language of the affected victims to have the expected
effect. The confidence building and
counseling should go in hand in hand to make the rehabilitation reconstruction
programme a success.
A special policy decisions has to be taken in respect of Kilinochchi
which is an un-cleared area to assist the victims of arms conflict and Tsunami
simultaneously to maintain justification to all effected people.
·
All infrastructure facilities of fishing industry are damaged and
destroyed due to arms conflict as well as tsunami to be rehabilitated and
reconstructed for the tsunami affected victims and war victims to restart their
livelihood. Building materials fishing Crafts
equipments and other related accessories have to be brought from south to
Kilinochchi through two check points which is time consuming as well as cost
increasing. A special provision has to be made to meet the additional
transportation cost.
·
As there was no development took place for the last two decades and only
skeleton civil administration was functioning with skeleton staff resulting
disruption of land work, revision of electoral register, electricity and
telecommunication. Resulting difficulties
in submitting extract of the voters list and land title as stated in the TAFREN
guideline.
A special decision has to be taken to accept letter issued by the
Divisional Secretary on the recommendation of the village rehabilitation
committee and the relevant Grama Niladhari.
Accept the land regularization made by the land task force appointed by
the North East Provincial council under NEHRP programme for this as well.
Relocation
·
The buffer zone determined by the Government is 100 meter away from the
shore whereas the Local authority determines buffer zone as 300 meters away
from shore.
Families living within the
buffer zone in Kilinochchi costal belt have to be relocated beyond the buffer
zone. Most of the people do possess
their own land outside buffer zone and requested to grant housing assistance to
relocate them in their lands outside buffer zone.
Others may be relocated in the
state land identified by the Divisional Secretary in consultations with the
victims.
The idea of moving the houses
away from the coast has proved to be failure as very often they rent out the
homes they were given and go back to beach.
A special decision has to be made to permit relocation in their own land
beyond buffer zone instead state land for those owning land outside buffer
zone.
· Most of the victims from the adjoining districts are reluctant to get back to their places of origin for psychological fear of Tsunami. They express their willingness to be relocated at Kallaru as Chundikulam Sea is closer to this site which will facilitate to recommend their traditional occupation. These families are living in the Kallaru Welfare Centre in a semi permanent shelter. Action has already been initiated to relocate them permanently with the government assistance of Rs.450,000/- per house. This work will commence before April 2005 and will be completed before 31.07.2005.
The problem encountered is the preparations of damage survey as the
original residence of these victims come under the purview of adjoining
district which could be overcome by accepting a letter from the relevant
Divisional Secretary confirming the damage.
·
Building material such as Timber, and rubble are very acute in
Kilinochchi and we have to found alternatively for the use of these materials
for reconstruction of 23,000 houses damaged and destroyed during arms conflict
and tsunami.
New technology introduced by National engineering research and
development centre is being demonstrated in this district and the acceptance of
the beneficiaries are awaited to implement the new technology which is cost
saving durable and time saving. New
entrepreneurs are identified and they are in the process of under taking the
pre-casting of building materials with the new technology introduced by NERD.
Damages
-
Affected People : 14350
-
Total Number of Deaths and Missing – Nil
-
Number of Persons in IDP Camps at the initial stages : 49413
-
Number of families who were in IDP Camps at the initial stage: 10636
Damages
to Different Socio Economic Sectors
|
Sector |
Damages (Nos) |
Relocation beyond buffer zone (Nos) |
Total (Nos) |
Estimated Cost of Reconstruction (Rs.Mn.) |
Total (Mn.) |
|
|
Damage |
Relocation beyond buffer zone |
|||||
|
Housing |
288 |
1539 |
2427 |
72 |
384.75 |
456.75 |
|
Fishing |
Boats-852 Out boat Motor-596 & Nets-17020 |
- |
|
316.84 |
- |
316.84 |
|
Education |
|
01 |
01 |
65 |
|
65 |
|
Health |
01 |
|
|
07 |
|
07 |
|
Roads |
- |
861 km |
|
|
759.37 |
759.37 |
|
Electricity |
|
02 villages |
|
|
325.37 |
325.37 |
|
Water Supply |
01 |
01 |
02 |
|
410.2 |
410.2 |
|
Tourism |
|
|
|
|
150 |
150 |
|
Post & Telecommunication |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agriculture |
|
SWE-Bunds(50km) |
|
|
163.5 |
163.5 |
|
Administration (Govt. Institution) |
|
04 |
04 |
|
40.0 |
40.0 |
|
Irrigation |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others |
|
i)Community Development (ii) Township
Development |
|
|
247 365.35 |
247.0 365.35 |
|
Total |
|
|
|
518.442 |
2787.94 |
3306.205 |
EXPERIENCE AND THE CHALLENGES AHEAD
KILINOCHCHI DISTRICT
The
Tsunami of 26 Dec. 2004 brought severe damaged destruction in Kilinochchi, one
of the worst affected 03 district in the Northern Province. Through the number of deaths is comparatively
less in this district, the damage caused to the houses and infrastructure has
been substantial. This has placed
additional burden and strain on the impoverished population of the district
which had been suffering from the destruction and damage caused by the protracted ethnic conflict for
more than two decades. In addition to
the affected people of this district there was an influx of affected people
from adjoining districts of Jaffna and Mullaitivu district. 26,310 people from other districts were
staying in Welfare Centres and friends and relatives. At present most of them were relocated in
Maruthankerni area. Action is being
taken to relocate 250 families in Kallaru.
175 families were relocated in temporary transit camp in Kallaru and
others will be relocated after temporary transit camp construction is
over. Initially, we were maintained 22
Welfare centres and all those Welfare Centres have been closed.
The
Kilinochchi district Administration along with the LTTE and TRO formed an
Emergency Task Force and attend to the needs of the Tsunami victims such as
evacuation, arranging welfare centres, cooked meals, in a large scale deploying
all resources in the district to their maximum.
This
crash programme organized by the special task force has evacuated the victims
with least possible delay, win the confidence of the people, the Government and
International community at large.
The
twenty years experience with the sufferings, frequent displacements and loss of
life that accompanied by arms conflict is very much less to that of the
suffering caused by Tsunami Tidal waves on the spur of the moment. We can never fully restore what the Tsunami
has taken but we can extend our helping hand to the survivors, do whatever is
possible at least to reduce their suffering and rebuild the nation for the
future, which involves relief for immediate needs and plans for
reconstruction. We can reconstruct and
rehabilitate all that sea has taken, except life. Most of the people affected by Tsunami are
the poorest of the poor.
District profile – Kilinochchi
Location
and area
Kilinochchi district is
situated in the Northern part of the Island.
It covers a land area of approximately 1237 sq.k.m. The average density of population is 124 per
sq.km.
Boundaries
Northern -
Jaffna district
Eastern
and Southern - Mullaitivu district
Western
and southern - Mannar district.
Administrative
setup
The district is divided in to
4 Administrative divisions, consisting of 95 G.S. divisions and comprising 324
villages
No. of G.S. Divisions No.
of Villages
Karaichchi 42 90
Kandawalai 16 98
Poonakari 19 93
Pachchilaipalli 18 43
Total 95 324
Population
The total estimated
population inclusive of those displaced and accommodated in this district
amount to 141.834.
The table below presents the
details.
D.S. Division No.
of No. of
Families Members
Karachchi 18,746 73,159
Kandawalai 8,253 33,231
PoonKari 5,998 25,352
Pachchilaipalli 2,663 10,092
35,660 141,834
Economic activities
Agriculture is the major occupation of more than 80%
of the population. Fisheries are the
second largest occupation. There are 30
fishing villages dotted along a coast line of 91 k.m. covering the ocean in the
Western coast and the sea in the Eastern Coast and the lagoon in the middle
part separating the mainland from the peninsula region.
The extent of damage
The
district has a coastal area of 91 k.m. in length consisting of three
belts. However traditionally our
district fishermen are fishing in Chundikulam area of costal belt adjoining
Jaffna and Mullaitivu coast.
Ocean
in the Western side - 30 k.m.
Sea
in the Eastern side - 08 k.m.
Area bordering the Jaffna lagoon - 53
k.m.
91
k.m
Since
the Tsunami tidal waves destruction was severe in the Eastern coast compared to
that of the Western Coastal belt and lagoon area deaths and destruction have
been comparatively less in the district as the district has only an 8 k.m. long
coast line along the eastern side. However
prior to Tsunami disaster there were about 3580 families who had lost their
houses and property due to the ethnic conflict which had caused severe
hardships to the population of the coastal area.
The
housing problems in the coastal areas of the district at present could be
discerned from the date presented below:
|
|
Karachchi |
Kandawalai |
Poonakari |
Pachchilaipalli |
Total |
|
1. Houses
damaged due to ethnic conflict (in the coastal belt) |
Nil |
673 |
2101 |
806 |
3580 |
|
2. Houses damaged due to Tsunami |
*42 |
15 |
49 |
182 |
288 |
|
|
|
688 |
2150 |
988 |
3868 |
* Resided in Poonagary division for fishing
purposes.
It
could be seen that efforts made by the fishing population of the district to
restart their lives after the cessation of hostilities in 2002 were nullified
by Tsunami disaster and the people have been rendered homeless and displaced
once again.
The Tsunami has also
aggravated the housing problem due to two factors.
3.
Influx of
displaced fishing families into Kilinochchi after Tsunami.
4.
The need for
relocation of people who had their dwellings within the 300 meters buffer zone.
The table below presents the details of relocation.
|
|
Karaichchi |
Kandawalai |
Poonakari |
Pachchilaipalli |
Total |
|
Displaced
families who have come into the district and want to be relocated in the
district |
62 |
212 |
49 |
34 |
357 |
|
To be
relocated due to 300 meter buffer zone |
*42 |
338 |
942 |
148 |
1470 |
|
Total No. of families to be relocated |
104 |
550 |
991 |
182 |
1827 |
Lands
have been identified in 16 different villages spread throughout the district
for relocation of 1827 families. The details are as follows:
|
Pradeshiya Sabha Division |
D.S. Division |
No. of Villages Identified |
No. to be Relocated |
|
Karachchi |
3.
Karachchi 4.
Kandawalai |
01 03 |
104 550 |
|
Sub
Total |
|
04 |
654 |
|
Poonakary |
1. Poonkary |
09 |
997 |
|
Pachchilaipalli |
1. Pachchilaipalli |
03 |
176 |
|
Grand
Total |
|
16 |
1827 |
The
cry and mental depression encountered post Tsunami voice reveals the following
at the welfare centres and in the homes of friends and relatives. They are not fully recovered from their
psychological fear.
Children
·
Fear of the Sea
·
Fear of water
·
Fear of their
future education as they have lost all their books etc.
·
Fear of sound
Parents, Men and Women
·
No sleep – They
said that they still hear the harrowing wail of the Tsunami when the lie to
sleep.
·
Claiming body
pain and sick – Claiming to sick and looking sick but there is nothing
physically wrong with them. They are in
a state of mental depression.
Scenes
The victims recall the scenes they have experienced
and they narrate all what they have seen during Tsunami to all visitors to ease
their worries.
·
Pathetic scene of
swallowing the victims and rescuers by the sea.
·
The fate of
victims who went to their residence to retrieve their belongings and get caught
to tidal wave and died.
·
Untimely death of
the beloved ones.
·
Loss of
breadwinners.
Present status
The attitude of the Tsunami victims differs for and against relocations beyond buffer zone.
For
·
Many are embittered
and shocked by how the sea they worshiped as god turned on them. They have fled their homes, vowing never to
return. They do not want to see the sea
again never in their life.
·
They said that
they still hear the harrowing wail of the Tsunami when they lie to sleep. They have had enough of the sea and they want
to move away from the beach.
Against
·
Some say that
there is some fear in their minds but that is what they have done for
generations. They want their boats to be
repaired and replaced by the Government for them to re commence their livelihood.
·
Some say Tsunami
recur only in every 500 years so they do not want to leave their ancestors,
land and move out their traditional home.
Emergency relief
This
was success and effective with the support of the Local people, Local
Organizations, International Community and INGOO.
Maintaining welfare centres and temporary transit camps
These
activities were very challenging especially in water sanitation and waste
management even though we received some assistance form all communities, still
lacking without proper equipment lack of management skill and lack of awareness
among communities. Tents and temporary
shelter not acceptable to the community.
Uncertain future due to the abnormal rain drainage around the transit
camp is the challenge and it has to be upgraded. Which could be overcame by raising the floor
level or by providing drainage system.
·
Allocation of land
outside the buffer zone edge is challenging.
·
Opinion differs
on policies
·
Some are
accepting and some are not accepting.
·
The activities of
debris clearing and access road make passable lacking behind for want of
sufficient funds and heavy machineries.
A lot of debris available in Lagoon.
This is disturbing the fishing activities and birds sanctuary. Damaged roads are not yet made passable. A lot of sand is available in roads.
Permanent resettlement
Uncertainty
prevails among the Tsunami victims regarding their life and their traditional
occupation.
Conflict situation between war victims and tsunami victims
Due
to the 20 years ethnic conflict more than 27,000 families are displaced and
lost their houses and income base completely and suffering for survival. However we are providing comparatively more
assistance to Tsunami victims to that of war victims in the same village. Tsunami victims’ coverage is 100% but war
victims have fewer opportunities. These
create dissatisfaction between the communities.
Infrastructure development in costal area
There is no immediate
possibility to undertake these activities.
The emergency assistance required.
Income
generating activities
The affected fishermen
requesting for assistance for fishing equipment and net. There is no proper plan for replacement of
lost equipment.
Challenges ahead
Democratic participation in
Planning and Implementation of Reconstruction activities such as
·
Justification in
economic planning.
·
Peace building in
planning and implementing.
·
Counseling the
victims and confidence building
·
Reconstruction of
Infrastructure damaged and destroyed in the coastal belt due to Tsunami and
arms conflict has to be taken up simultaneously to maintain equity and justice.
·
Submission
of extracts required by TAFREN Guideline
is not possible immediately due to defunct of civil administration for the last
20 years.
·
Consensus of
buffer zone to be reached with interested parties.
·
Relocation of
houses falling within the buffer zone to out side the buffer zone. Most of the victims prefer to be relocated in
their own land beyond the buffer zone in place of state land allocated by the
state.
·
Preparation of
damage survey in respect of victims from the adjoining districts as they are
practically living in the welfare centres in our district and prefer relocation
in Kilinochchi District.
·
Alternative to
the use of Timber and rubble to be identified.
·
Shortage of
skilled masons and carpenters.
Future development objectives
·
To organize a
community based representation body, with capacity to take decisions regarding
their housing and infrastructure requirements.
Ensure women participation and empowerment of people.
·
To enable the
community to rebuild essential physical facilities including shelter. To help create wage employment from the
investment on shelter and infrastructure.
·
To promote
peoples participation in the construction and imparting self-reliance.
The vision for post Tsunami
reconstruction and reconciliation committed to
·
Democratic Participation in Planning and Implementation of Reconstruction
activities such as
-
Participation of
the people to the maximum
-
Decision making
to be from bottom to up-ward direction.
-
Transparency and
accountability in all activities.
-
Doers shall be
the local community based organization with the active participation of
beneficiaries.
The economic ravages of war such as damages to jetty,
roads, fishing equipments and crafts and other related accessories to be
regained to embark on economic planning.
·
Peace building in planning and implementing
Many of the areas affected by Tsunami were those that
had suffered utmost violence over last two decades by the fighting in the North
and East although normalcy had been restored to a certain extent in the cleared
are of North East the civil society in the un-cleared area had been crushed by
hyper militarization and a culture of fear remained. Initiative has to be taken to ensure free
movement of citizen and restored civic trust.
·
Counseling the victims and confidence building
-
The victims of
arms conflict and Tsunami to be treated alike and simultaneous assistance are
provided to both parties impartially.
-
Counseling the
victims to get rid of their psychological fear as they are in depressed
state/Psychological counseling has to be given by specialist who can speak the
language of the affected victims to have the expected effect. The confidence building and counseling should
go in hand in hand to make the rehabilitation reconstruction programme a
success.
A special
policy decisions has to be taken in respect of Kilinochchi which is an
un-cleared area to assist the victims of arms conflict and Tsunami simultaneously
to maintain justification to all effected people.
·
All
infrastructure facilities of fishing industry are damaged and destroyed due to
arms conflict as well as tsunami to be rehabilitated and reconstructed for the
tsunami affected victims and war victims to restart their livelihood. Building materials fishing Crafts equipments
and other related accessories have to be brought from south to Kilinochchi
through two check points which is time consuming as well as cost increasing. A
special provision has to be made to meet the additional transportation cost.
·
As there was no
development took place for the last two decades and only skeleton civil
administration was functioning with skeleton staff resulting disruption of land
work, revision of electoral register, electricity and telecommunication. Resulting difficulties in submitting extract
of the voters list and land title as stated in the TAFREN guideline.
A special
decision has to be taken to accept letter issued by the Divisional Secretary on
the recommendation of the village rehabilitation committee and the relevant
Grama Niladhari.
Accept
the land regularization made by the land task force appointed by the North East
Provincial council under NEHRP programme for this as well.
Relocation
·
The buffer zone
determined by the Government is 100 meter away from the shore whereas the Local
authority determines buffer zone as 300 meters away from shore.
Families living within the buffer zone in Kilinochchi
costal belt have to be relocated beyond the buffer zone. Most of the people do possess their own land
outside buffer zone and requested to grant housing assistance to relocate them
in their lands outside buffer zone.
Others may be relocated in the state land identified
by the Divisional Secretary in consultations with the victims.
The idea of moving the houses away from the coast has
proved to be failure as very often they rent out the homes they were given and
go back to beach.
A special
decision has to be made to permit relocation in their own land beyond buffer
zone instead state land for those owning land outside buffer zone.
· Most of the victims from the adjoining districts are reluctant to get back to their places of origin for psychological fear of Tsunami. They express their willingness to be relocated at Kallaru as Chundikulam Sea is closer to this site which will facilitate to recommend their traditional occupation. These families are living in the Kallaru Welfare Centre in a semi permanent shelter. Action has already been initiated to relocate them permanently with the government assistance of Rs.450,000/- per house. This work will commence before April 2005 and will be completed before 31.07.2005.
The
problem encountered is the preparations of damage survey as the original
residence of these victims come under the purview of adjoining district which
could be overcome by accepting a letter from the relevant Divisional Secretary
confirming the damage.
·
Building material
such as Timber, and rubble are very acute in Kilinochchi and we have to found
alternatively for the use of these materials for reconstruction of 23,000
houses damaged and destroyed during arms conflict and tsunami.
New
technology introduced by National engineering research and development centre
is being demonstrated in this district and the acceptance of the beneficiaries
are awaited to implement the new technology which is cost saving durable and
time saving. New entrepreneurs are
identified and they are in the process of under taking the pre-casting of
building materials with the new technology introduced by NERD.
Damages
-
Affected People :
14350
-
Total Number of
Deaths and Missing – Nil
-
Number of Persons
in IDP Camps at the initial stages : 49413
-
Number of
families who were in IDP Camps at the initial stage: 10636
Damages to Different Socio
Economic Sectors
|
Sector |
Damages (Nos) |
Relocation
beyond buffer zone (Nos) |
Total (Nos) |
Estimated Cost
of Reconstruction (Rs.Mn.) |
Total (Mn.) |
|
|
Damage |
Relocation
beyond buffer zone |
|||||
|
Housing |
288 |
1539 |
2427 |
72 |
384.75 |
456.75 |
|
Fishing |
Boats-852 Out boat Motor-596 & Nets-17020 |
- |
|
316.84 |
- |
316.84 |
|
Education |
|
01 |
01 |
65 |
|
65 |
|
Health |
01 |
|
|
07 |
|
07 |
|
Roads |
- |
861 km |
|
|
759.37 |
759.37 |
|
Electricity |
|
02 villages |
|
|
325.37 |
325.37 |
|
Water Supply |
01 |
01 |
02 |
|
410.2 |
410.2 |
|
Tourism |
|
|
|
|
150 |
150 |
|
Post & Telecommunication |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agriculture |
|
SWE-Bunds(50km) |
|
|
163.5 |
163.5 |
|
Administration (Govt. Institution) |
|
04 |
04 |
|
40.0 |
40.0 |
|
Irrigation |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others |
|
i)Community Development (ii) Township
Development |
|
|
247 365.35 |
247.0 365.35 |
|
Total |
|
|
|
518.442 |
2787.94 |
3306.205 |